Integration of power systems with electric vehicles: A comprehensive review of impact on power quality and relevant enhancements

The adoption of electric vehicles is part of a broader effort to address environmental challenges, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and transition to more sustainable energy systems. However, their integration into the electrical grid through grid-to-vehicle (G2V) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) charging and discharging mechanisms may cause problems for the existing power grid such as voltage unbalances, transformer failure, and harmonic distortion may arise. These issues can negatively impact grid stability and power quality due to the unsteady nature of power sources and the unpredictability of electric vehicle loads This research examines and evaluates the problems associated with integrating electric vehicles into electrical networks. the research and strategies discussed in this article demonstrate that these challenges can be effectively mitigated. Coordinated and combined operating strategies for integrating electric vehicle systems, coupled with advanced technologies and control systems, offer promising solutions to maintain grid stability and power quality while accommodating the growing presence of electric vehicles. The development and implementation of these strategies and technologies are pivotal to ensure a reliable and high-quality power supply while accommodating the surge in electric vehicles. Collaboration among utility providers, regulators, technology developers, and researchers will be essential in navigating the evolving landscape of electric vehicle integration and maintaining the resilience and sustainability of our electric grids. The paper reviews the existing and future scenarios of integrating electric vehicles, as well as new research on the subject, providing a comprehensive examination of power quality issues and their mitigation strategies.