Recent progress in structural design of graphene/polymer porous composites toward electromagnetic interference shielding application

The increasingly complex application environment has put forward more stringent requirements for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials. To cope with this challenge, graphene-enhanced porous polymer-based conductive composites came into being in recent years, contributing to promoting the development of EMI shielding materials toward lightweight and high performance. Crucially, rational structural design is regarded as an important factor in determining the merits of EMI shielding performance. Herein, from the perspective of assembly means, including porous films, foams, aerogels and hydrogels, structural design strategies in recent years for graphene/polymer-based porous EMI shielding materials are reviewed. Preparation methods of shielding materials with different structures are summarized, and their advantages and shortages are evaluated. Structure-performance relationship of various shielding materials is clarified, and potential applications of these shielding materials are discussed. A comprehensive comparison on the key parameters related to shielding performance is also performed to reveal the regulation mechanisms of various assembly means on shielding performance and their respective relative advantages. Finally, some insights on the technical problems and potential solutions are presented, and future development trends of such shielding materials are envisioned. This review would provide a timely reference for structural design of lightweight, high-performance, and multifunctional EMI shielding materials.