Non-Canonical Aspects of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance

被引:5
作者
Amabile-Cuevas, Carlos F. [1 ]
Lund-Zaina, Sofia [2 ]
机构
[1] Fdn Lusara, Mexico City 08810, Mexico
[2] Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Publ Hlth, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
来源
ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL | 2024年 / 13卷 / 06期
关键词
antibiotic resistance; horizontal gene transfer; antibiotic usage; socioeconomic factors; disinfectants; mechanism of action; mechanism of resistance; HORIZONTAL GENE-TRANSFER; GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL-RESISTANCE; VANCOMYCIN MIC CREEP; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; OXIDATIVE-STRESS; CONJUGATIVE TRANSFER; SUPEROXIDE STRESS; VIRULENCE GENES; NITRIC-OXIDE; PLASMID;
D O I
10.3390/antibiotics13060565
中图分类号
R51 [传染病];
学科分类号
100401 ;
摘要
The understanding of antibiotic resistance, one of the major health threats of our time, is mostly based on dated and incomplete notions, especially in clinical contexts. The "canonical" mechanisms of action and pharmacodynamics of antibiotics, as well as the methods used to assess their activity upon bacteria, have not changed in decades; the same applies to the definition, acquisition, selective pressures, and drivers of resistance. As a consequence, the strategies to improve antibiotic usage and overcome resistance have ultimately failed. This review gathers most of the "non-canonical" notions on antibiotics and resistance: from the alternative mechanisms of action of antibiotics and the limitations of susceptibility testing to the wide variety of selective pressures, lateral gene transfer mechanisms, ubiquity, and societal factors maintaining resistance. Only by having a "big picture" view of the problem can adequate strategies to harness resistance be devised. These strategies must be global, addressing the many aspects that drive the increasing prevalence of resistant bacteria aside from the clinical use of antibiotics.
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页数:45
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