A Menu of Philosophical Practice

Since the modern era, philosophy has been professionalized, theorized, and distanced from life. The philosophical practice movements, which began in the second half of the 20th century, have been restoring philosophy's practical nature. However, as a result of being conducted as independent activities in different areas, they have become overlapping and confusing. Philosophical practice is sometimes used interchangeably with philosophical counseling and sometimes with philosophical caf & eacute;. In this paper, I try to organize the different fields of philosophical practice for its future development. To this end, Section 2 begins with the question of what philosophical practice is and why we do philosophy, and then defines philosophical practice as leading to true happiness in both contemplative and active life. I show that we do philosophy to be happy, and that its primary purpose is in the contemplative life, but that it also requires an active life. In Section 3, based on the analysis of philosophical practice in section 2, I suggest a four-part menu of philosophical practice as follows: Leisure philosophy is the pursuit of a contemplative life in which philosophy itself is enjoyed in leisure, such as philosophical caf & eacute;s, of life are self-development activities that help people live wisely in specific areas of life, such as career, interpersonal relationships, and morality. Philosophical counseling is a philosophical dialogue to heal mental dis-ease that cause pain or discomfort, and includes individual education is a field of philosophical practice that cultivates the ability to think philosophically in formal and non-formal education.