HISTORY, INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE: A REVIEW ARTICLE

This review article explores the connection between history and International Relations (IR) through the case of the Ottoman Empire. By examining Social Sciences Citations Index (SSCI) articles and some other complementary works, it aims to investigate how past events and processes have formed IR's theoretical foundations. Examining the empire's internal variations, diverse ethno-religious groups, and evolving diplomacy would provide a better understanding into current debates on diversity, minority rights, and how international order takes shape. However, directly linking the Ottoman era to modern issues risks oversimplifying and historical determinism, while generalizations from a single example can ignore regional and historical nuances. The legacy of the empire continues to impact contemporary debates on issues such as nationalism, sovereignty, and state-building. Therefore, productive interaction between IR and history demands open discussion and shared research methods. Only through collaboration, we can approach to better comprehend the complex ways the past continues to mold global politics in our ever-changing world.