Analysis of Factors Related to Physical Activity Levels Among Lung Cancer Survivors Who Underwent Nonsurgical Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study

Aim(s) The study aimed to investigate the current status of physical activity (PA) levels and associated factors among lung cancer survivors who have undergone nonsurgical treatments. Background PA has been incorporated as a nonpharmacological intervention in the rehabilitation programmes of cancer patients, playing a crucial role in alleviating symptom burden and enhancing the quality of life among lung cancer survivors. Understanding the potential influencing factors of PA levels aids in formulating targeted intervention strategies. Design A multicentre cross-sectional study. Methods Convenience sampling was utilised to survey lung cancer survivors from the respiratory and oncology departments of 12 hospitals across Eastern, Central and Western China, spanning from June 2023 to January 2024. Social demographic characteristics, disease-related features, health behaviour abilities, psychological factors and levels of PA were collected through a combination of clinical case systems used to record patients' treatment and medical conditions and self-reported questionnaires. Additionally, measurements of grip strength and the 6-min walk test were conducted for patients. Descriptive analysis, bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were conducted. Results Only 109 patients (16.2%) achieved high PA levels. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated differences in age, residential location, employment status, religion, lung cancer stage, grip strength, albumin concentration, blood urea, Anderson symptom, depression and health behaviour capacity among lung cancer survivors with varying PA levels. Conclusions Significant associations were observed between age >= 75 years, residing in urban areas, unemployment, absence of religious beliefs, Stage IV lung cancer, lower grip strength, lower albumin concentration, higher blood urea, higher Anderson symptom scores, lower health behaviour capacity scores, higher depression scores and lower PA levels among lung cancer survivors. These potential factors should be considered when developing PA intervention plans. Relevance to Clinical Practice This study offers insights for developing subsequent PA intervention programmes. In clinical practice, healthcare professionals should continuously educate patients about the benefits of exercise and help them incorporate PA into their daily lives. Additionally, emphasising multidisciplinary collaboration involving physical therapists, nutritionists and mental health experts is crucial for ensuring safe and effective PA, thereby improving patients' quality of life. Reporting Method Our study complies with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Checklist: cross-sectional studies. Patient or Public Contribution At the phase of collecting data, participants were recruited to fill the questionnaires. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2300072609