Study on the anisotropic flow characteristics of wet particles in liquid-solid fluidized beds

In liquid-solid fluidized beds, the presence of a liquid film around the surface of particles influences their collision behavior, leading in turn to the restitution coefficient no longer a constant. The present study introduces a dynamic restitution coefficient for wet particles to describe its dynamic variation during the process of particles colliding. The liquid-solid two-phase flow is simulated with Eulerian-Eulerian two-fluid method incorporating the anisotropic kinetic theory of granular flow based on second-order moment (SOM) model, in view of the anisotropy of particle fluctuations. This study aims to probe into the influence of liquid film and anisotropy of particle fluctuation on the particle-particle interactions and collision mechanisms. The predicted particle velocity and solid volume fraction are verified by the Limtrakul's et al. experiments. The simulated results show that the particle velocity fluctuations exhibit significant anisotropy, and the SOM model is superior to the KTGF model in capturing inhomogeneity and anisotropy of the flow field. The existence of a liquid film enhances energy dissipation during particle collisions and diminishes the anisotropy of particle velocity fluctuations. Also, the enhancement of particle density leads to a thicker liquid film and higher restitution coefficient, while the secondorder moments are weakened and the anisotropy is remarkable. Furthermore, the effect of liquid viscosity on the liquid film thickness and restitution coefficient is more significant, where the particle fluctuations are reduced and the anisotropy is intensified by enhancing the liquid viscosity. In brief, both the liquid film and the anisotropy have impact on liquid-solid two-phase flow, by comparison, the effect of anisotropy is greater than liquid film.