NEW generation of solar energy: Investigation and implementation of artificial solar tree application in Egypt

The world's energy crisis and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions require the development of energy- efficient alternatives, from sunlight to electricity. Solar energy is abundant and free of charge. Solar photovoltaic technology is one of the most promising renewable energy sources for sustainable development. But it takes up a lot of space that could be utilized for other human endeavors. Solar PV trees are a new method of capturing sunlight. It lessens the PV system's footprint on land. This paper describes the planning and building a solar tree that will power lighting at the Grand Egyptian Museum in Egypt and mobile and laptop devices in public urban areas. The Smart Solar Tree is an eco-friendly, creative piece of urban furniture that can function as a six-person public bench, a supply terminal block with six 230 V power outlets for laptops and electric bicycles, a built-in USB charging hub for smartphones and tablets, and a fashionable tree-shaped public lighting fixture. Eighteen solar photovoltaic panels, which function as programmable-color glowing leaves at night, provide the Smart Solar Tree with its whole electricity. Because establishing solar trees required less than 30 square feet of land, and installing ground-mounted solar panels required 5000 square feet, the results were compared to solar panel installations. The energy, financial, and environmental performance of solar PV systems was also examined in this article. The 5 kWp solar tree costs USD 1700 in total, compared to $2500 for flat-mounted PV. The solar tree's payback period is projected to be 10 years. Solar trees cost 0.07 USD per watt, compared to 0.11 USD for standard photovoltaic systems. This research aims to save 11,240 tons of CO2 emissions throughout the system's lifetime through energy use. The study also discusses the difficulties associated with this technology and makes recommendations for future lines of inquiry.