Ducted wind turbines: A review and assessment of different design models

Wind energy technology is progressing at an accelerated pace due to the growing global demand for renewable energy, particularly horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs). Ducted wind turbines (DWTs) have emerged as a promising enhancement to traditional horizontal axis wind turbines, demonstrating substantial improvements in efficiency and power output. This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of four distinct designs for DWTs, with a focus on critical factors including efficiency, cost-effectiveness, durability, and environmental sustainability. Among the designs analyzed, the Diffuser configuration emerges as the most advantageous in terms of cost, delivering energy more economically than the Nozzle-Diffuser design. The durability analysis underscores the Diffuser design's superior longevity, indicated by a durability index of 0.9, reflecting its robust construction and low maintenance demands. Additionally, the Diffuser design is shown to be highly environmentally sustainable, achieving an Environmental Impact Score of 0.91, highlighting its minimal carbon footprint and high recyclability. The study concludes that the Diffuser design offers a balanced and effective solution, combining cost efficiency, durability, and environmental considerations while maintaining competitive efficiency levels.