Robustness of Deep Learning models in electrocardiogram noise detection and classification

Background and Objective : Automatic electrocardiogram (ECG) signal analysis for heart disease detection has gained significant attention due to busy lifestyles. However, ECG signals are susceptible to noise, which adversely affects the performance of ECG signal analysers. Traditional blind filtering methods use predefined noise frequency and filter order, but they alter ECG biomarkers. Several Deep Learning -based ECG noise detection and classification methods exist, but no study compares recurrent neural network (RNN) and convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures and their complexity. Methods: This paper introduces a knowledge -based ECG filtering system using Deep Learning to classify ECG noise types and compare popular computer vision model architectures in a practical Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) framework. Experimental results demonstrate that the CNN -based ECG noise classifier outperforms the RNN-based model in terms of performance and training time. Results: The study shows that AlexNet, visual geometry group (VGG), and residual network (ResNet) achieved over 70% accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and F1 score across six datasets. VGG and ResNet performances were comparable, but VGG was more complex than ResNet, with only a 4.57% less F1 score. Conclusions: This paper introduces a Deep Learning (DL) based ECG noise classifier for a knowledge -driven ECG filtering system, offering selective filtering to reduce signal distortion. Evaluation of various CNN and RNN-based models reveals VGG and Resnet outperform. Further, the VGG model is superior in terms of performance. But Resnet performs comparably to VGG with less model complexity.