Prediction of acute coronary syndrome in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms

Background: Patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are exposed to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, especially cardiovascular calcification. The present research aimed to analyze the clinical features and coronary artery calcium score (CACS) in MPN patients, and construct an effective model to predict acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in MPN patients. Materials and methods: A total of 175 MPN patients and 175 controls were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University. Based on cardiovascular events, the MPN patients were divided into the ACS group and the non-ACS group. Multivariate Cox analysis was completed to explore ACS-related factors. Furthermore, ROC curves were plotted to assess the predictive effect of CACS combined with white blood cells (WBC) and platelet for ACS in MPN patients. Results: The MPN group exhibited a higher CACS than the control group (133 vs. 55, P < 0.001). A total of 16 patients developed ACS in 175 MPN patients. Compared with non-ACS groups, significant differences in age, diabetes, smoking history, WBC, percentage of neutrophil, percentage of lymphocyte, neutrophil count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet, lactate dehydrogenase, beta 2-microglobulin, and JAK2V617F mutation were observed in the ACS groups. In addition, the CACS in the ACS group was also significantly higher than that in the non-ACS group (374.5 vs. 121, P < 0.001). The multivariable Cox regression analysis identified WBC, platelet, and CACS as independent risk factors for ACS in MPN patients. Finally, ROC curves indicated that WBC, platelet, and CACS have a high predictive value for ACS in MPN patients (AUC = 0.890). Conclusion: CACS combined with WBC and platelet might be a promising model for predicting ACS occurrence in MPN patients.