Synthesis and catalytic performance of One-Dimensional coordination polymers for Knoevenagel condensation under green conditions

This work presents the synthesis, characterization, and catalysis application of two one-dimensional coordination polymers. The structures were obtained through a two-step synthesis method, involving the combination of the ligands 5-sulfoisophthalic acid (ACSO3) and isonicotinylhydrazine (INH) with Zn(II), designated as 1 , or Cu(II), designated as 2 , resulting in a ladder-shaped topology system. Compound 1 was thoroughly characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, along with complementary techniques such as FT-IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. These analyses provided insights into its bifunctional catalytic structure. Moreover, the heterogeneous catalytic activity of compound 1 was evaluated in Knoevenagel condensation reactions using various solvents. The catalyst exhibited high conversion rates and recyclability under mild conditions, particularly noteworthy when using eco-friendly solvents, establishing it as a green catalyst. A computational simulation was conducted to explore the surface properties of 1 , providing a comprehensive description of its bifunctional properties.