Resource allocation in Fog-Cloud Environments: State of the art

The rapid expansion of omnipresent phenomena, exemplified by the Internet of Things (IoT), necessitates significant consideration of data volume and processing requirements. Cloud servers serve as the ultimate destination for IoT data. However, the centralized nature of cloud -based architecture may lead to communication limitations and reduced response times. By placing servers close to the sources and data producers, fog computing provides a viable solution to these problems. Consequently, fog computing reduces bandwidth consumption and cloud task density. Unlike cloud computing, fog computing relies on distributed computing and operates on limited computing power servers. This research focuses on augmenting user experience and interactive response in fog computing systems through optimal resource allocation and bandwidth management. Recent studies between 2020 and 2024 on resource allocation, application placement, and scheduling in fog computing environments are reviewed in this article. The analysis encompasses diverse focus points, evaluation parameters, system architectures, datasets, and simulation tools.