Performance evaluation and investigation of diffraction optical elements effect on bit error rate of free space optics and performance investigation of space uplink wireless optical communication under varying atmospheric turbulence conditions

Several other optical antenna topologies have been developed and implemented throughout the years. These topologies include a variety of optical components, including the axicon optical element, dual-secondary mirror, cone reflecting mirror, prism beam slier, and beam-splitter/beam combiner. In contrast, the secondary reflecting mirror causes an obscuration loss that must be compensated for by reducing the transmission power in an optical antenna design. In order to address this issue in space optical communication, the present research helps to develop an enhanced two diffractive optical elements (DOEs) technology however the data presented therein only shows that DOEs may boost transmission power efficiency, which is insufficient for system designers. Though On-Off Keying (OOK) is widely used in optical communication systems at the moment, the proposed research include DOEs into an OOK space uplink optical. The proposed research uses numerical simulation to explore how much a space uplink OOK system's bit error rate (BER) may be improved by using DOEs and adjusting fundamental parameters. The proposed BER model takes environmental factors like wind and detector noise into account. Using this theoretical model, the present work helps to investigate the effect of DOEs on the BER versus fundamental parameter characteristic curves in space uplink optical communication. Based on the findings, the DOEs structure has the potential to significantly enhance the BER performance of space uplink optical communication systems, especially at high obscuration ratios. When the obscuration ratio is 0.25, 0.167, or 0.125 and the transmission power is 1 W, for instance, the DOEs may improve the BER by a factor of two or one order of magnitude or less when the parameters are changed to the typical parameter values as specified. Results increase by a factor of six, three, and two orders of magnitude, respectively, when transmitting at 5 W. The results show that DOEs can significantly enhance the BER performance, especially at high obscuration ratios. The findings suggest that integrating DOEs into the optical subsystem is a straightforward approach to improving the performance of space uplink optical communication systems.