Influence of cross baffle on heat transfer of nanofluid flow inside circular pipe in existence of electromagnetic field: Computational study

The usage of electromagnetic sources for the improvement of the heat transfer of ferrofluid is an efficient method in heat exchangers. In this article, the effects of the non -uniform electromagnetic field on the thermal characteristics of the nanofluid with 4 % nanoparticles of Fe 3 O 4 streaming inside the pipe with a double cross barrier are extensively investigated. To simulate the nanofluid flow, Computational Fluid Dynamic is applied anda three-dimensional model is chosen to reveal the main effects of the electromagnetic field on the thermal efficiency of the nanofluid flow. The main novelty of this work is related to the application of the cross baffle and nonuniform magnetic field for the heat transfer improvements. The achieved results show that the existence of the electromagnetic field and cross barrier facilitates the production of the vortex inside the pipe. Therefore, the thermal layer diffusion into the stream more efficiently, and the thermal efficiency of nanofluid is improved. The influence of magnetic field intensity also shows that increasing the thermal efficiency is a direct function of magnetic source intensity.