Enhanced TCP BBR performance in wireless mesh networks (WMNs) and next-generation high-speed 5G networks

TCP BBR is one of the most powerful congestion control algorithms. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of BBR analysis, expanding on existing knowledge across various fronts. Utilising ns3 simulations, we evaluate BBR's performance under diverse conditions, generating graphical representations. Our findings reveal flaws in the probe's RTT phase duration estimation and unequal bandwidth sharing between BBR and CUBIC protocols. Specifically, we demonstrated that the probe's RTT phase duration estimation algorithm is flawed and that BBR and CUBIC generally do not share bandwidth equally. Towards the end of the article, we propose a new improved version of TCP BBR which minimises these problems of inequity in bandwidth sharing and corrects the inaccuracies of the two key parameters RTprop and cwnd. Consequently, the BBR' protocol maintains very good fairness with the Cubic protocol, with an index that is almost equal to 0.98, and an equity index over 0.95.