Study on the effect of oil shale ash on potassium retention characteristics during pyrolysis of corn stalk

In a multi -station fast pyrolysis reactor, the influence of oil shale ash on the potassium retention characteristics of corn stalk under different pyrolysis conditions was investigated in the study. The influence of oil shale ash on the potassium migration process during the pyrolysis of corn stalk was elucidated by analyzing changes in the composition and concentration of potassium and other minerals in the pyrolysis semi-coke of corn stalk. This analysis was conducted using inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and complemented by thermodynamic simulation. The findings demonstrate that oil shale ash could fix potassium in corn stalk, and the potassium retention rate peaked when the oil shale ash additive amount reached to 10 %. This is because the silica-aluminum compounds in the oil shale ash reacts with potassium salts in a semimolten state to produce KAl 2 Si 3 AlO 10 (OH) 2 , KAlSi 3 O 8 , and KAlSi 2 O 6 .When the amount of oil shale ash added is increased to 15 %, KAlSi 3 O 8 and KAlSi 2 O 6 in the semi-coke would continue to react with Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 , converting to KAl 2 Si 3 AlO 10 (OH) 2 . Thermodynamic simulation results indicate that the alkali metal potassium in corn stalk semi-coke mainly existed in potassium metasilicate, potassium feldspar, and leucogranite. In order to enhance potassium fixation in corn stalk, the addition of oil shale ash would promote the transformation of potassium-solidifying minerals from potassium metasilicate to potassium feldspar and leucite in the semi-coke.