ANALYSIS OF FLUID-FLOW CHARACTERISTICS AND HEAT-TRANSFER PATTERNS AROUND A SQUARE BLUFF BODY

In this study, we investigate a numerical simulation of the flow and heat transfer characteristics around a single square cylinder subjected to incidence in a two-dimensional plane. The Reynolds and Prandtl numbers are set at Re = 100 and Pr = 0.71, respectively. The cylinder's surface is subjected to pressure and viscous forces due to the passing flow, with the magnitude of these forces influenced by the cross-sectional shape of the bluff body, the angle of attack, and flow velocity. The angle of orientation for the square cylinder varies from 0 degrees to 45 degrees in 5 degrees increments. The study begins with comprehensively examining the governing equations, simulation procedures, and grid generation, employing an efficient and robust in-house finite volume code. Subsequently, we present and discuss the instantaneous streamlines, velocity components, vorticity, and isotherm patterns for different angles of attack. Additionally, global quantities such as viscous, pressure, total lift, drag coefficients, their root-mean-square, Strouhal, and Nusselt numbers are analyzed for various angles of attack. It is observed that the frequency of vortex shedding decreases with an increasing angle of attack. Furthermore, the values of global quantities and flow and temperature patterns remain relatively constant for angles of attack in the range of theta = 30 degrees-45 degrees. The numerical results show good agreement with experimental and numerical data in the existing literature.