Production of doubly charmed hadrons Σcc++ and Tcc+ in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Heavy-ion collisions provide a unique opportunity for studying the properties of exotic hadrons with two charm quarks. The production of T-cc(+) is significantly enhanced in nuclear collisions compared to proton-proton collisions due to the creation of multiple-charm pairs. In this study, we employ the Langevin equation in combination with the instantaneous coalescence model (LICM) to investigate the production of T-cc(+) and Sigma(++)(cc) which consists of two charm quarks. We consider T-cc(+) as molecular states composed of D and D* mesons. The Langevin equation is used to calculate the energy loss of charm quarks and D mesons in the hot medium. The hadronization process, where charm quarks transform into each D state as constituents of T-cc(+) production, is described using the coalescence model. The coalescence probability between D and D* is determined by the Wigner function, which encodes the information of the T-cc(+) wave function. Our results show that the T-cc(+) production varies by approximately 1 order of magnitude when different widths in the Wigner function, representing distinct binding energies of T-cc(+), are considered. This variation offers valuable insights into the nature of T-cc(+) through the analysis of its wave function. Sigma(++)(cc) is treated as a hadronic state produced at the hadronization of the deconfined matter. Its production is also calculated as a comparison with the molecular state T-cc(+).