Hierarchical heterostructure Ni 2 P hollow carbon spheres derived from MOFs for efficient electromagnetic wave absorption

In this study, a hierarchical heterogeneous structure of Ni 2 P hollow carbon spheres (Ni 2 P-HCS) was synthesized through a two-step process involving carbonization and phosphorization of Ni-metal organic framework (NiMOF) precursors. During the construction of the Ni 2 P/C nanostructure, heterointerface recombination and secondary graphitization were observed, which contribute to the modulation of interface polarization. Structural analysis revealed that the Ni 2 P/C nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed, forming stable porous structured microspheres, thereby leveraging dielectric and magnetic losses. The combination of Ni 2 P with metal -organic frameworks (MOFs) can optimize impedance matching, enhance effective absorption bandwidth, and consequently improve electromagnetic wave absorption performance. The results show that Ni 2 P-HCS (Ni 2 P-HCS700) exhibited superior electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption characteristics when the carbonization temperature is 700 degree celsius. It achieves a maximum reflection loss (RL) of -46.7 dB at a thickness of 2.9 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 4.8 GHz at 1.71 mm thickness, almost covering the Ku -band (13.3 GHz-18 GHz). Radar cross-section (RCS) simulations utilizing CST indicated an optimal RCS reduction value of 41 dB m 2 at theta=0 degrees for Ni 2 P-HCS700. This work introduces a universal approach to designing high-performance lightweight absorbers derived from MOFs, incorporating transition metal phosphides to form composites for impedance matching control.