Deep-Blue and Fast Delayed Fluorescence from Carbene-Metal-Amides for Highly Efficient and Stable Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Linear gold complexes of the "carbene-metal-amide" (CMA) type are prepared with a rigid benzoguanidine amide donor and various carbene ligands. These complexes emit in the deep-blue range at 424 and 466 nm with 100% quantum yields in all media. The deep-blue thermally activates delayed fluorescence originates from a charge transfer state with an excited state lifetime as low as 213 ns, resulting in fast radiative rates of 4.7 x 106 s-1. The high thermal and photo-stability of these carbene-metal-amide (CMA) materials enabled the authors to fabricate highly energy-efficient organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) in host-guest architectures. Deep-blue OLED devices with electroluminescence at 416 and 457 nm with practical external quantum efficiencies of up to 23% at 100 cd m-2 with excellent color coordinates CIE (x; y) = 0.16; 0.07 and 0.17; 0.18 are reported. The operating stability of these OLEDs is the longest reported to date (LT50 = 1 h) for deep-blue CMA emitters, indicating a high promise for further development of blue OLED devices. These findings inform the molecular design strategy and correlation between delayed luminescence with high radiative rates and CMA OLED device operating stability. Bright deep-blue thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters, carbene-gold-amides (CMA), possess near unity photoluminescent quantum yields and record high radiative rates up to 4.6 x 106 s-1. Molecular design rules are explained to achieve and predict deep-blue CMA materials. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) emit deep-blue electroluminescence with efficiency up to 25.7% with operating stability of 1 h at practical brightness. image