Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) and the Microbiome in Preterm Infants: Consequences and Opportunities for Future Therapeutics

被引:4
|
作者
Marissen, Janina [1 ,2 ]
Reichert, Lilith [1 ]
Haertel, Christoph [1 ,3 ]
Fortmann, Mats Ingmar [4 ]
Faust, Kirstin [4 ]
Msanga, Delfina [5 ]
Harder, Juergen [6 ]
Zemlin, Michael [7 ]
de Agueero, Mercedes Gomez [2 ]
Masjosthusmann, Katja [8 ]
Humberg, Alexander [8 ]
机构
[1] Univ Hosp Wurzburg, Dept Pediat, D-97080 Wurzburg, Germany
[2] Univ Wurzburg, Wurzburg Inst Syst Immunol, Max Planck Res Grp, D-97078 Wurzburg, Germany
[3] German Ctr Infect Res, Site Hamburg Lubeck Borstel Riems, D-23538 Lubeck, Germany
[4] Univ Hosp Schleswig Holstein, Dept Pediat, D-23538 Lubeck, Germany
[5] Catholic Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Bugando Hosp, Dept Pediat, Mwanza 33109, Tanzania
[6] Univ Kiel, Quincke Res Ctr, Dept Dermatol Venerol & Allergol, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
[7] Saarland Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Gen Pediat & Neonatol, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
[8] Univ Childrens Hosp Munster, Dept Gen Pediat, D-48149 Munster, Germany
关键词
antimicrobial peptides; microbiome; premature infants; dysbiosis; epidermis; sustained inflammation; innate immune system; microbiota-regulation peptides/proteins; BOVINE LACTOFERRIN SUPPLEMENTATION; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID; LEUKOCYTE PROTEASE INHIBITOR; INNATE IMMUNE DEFENSE; NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS; BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-EPIDERMIDIS; LUNG INFLAMMATION; NEWBORN-INFANTS; GENE-EXPRESSION;
D O I
10.3390/ijms25126684
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are crucial components of the innate immune system in various organisms, including humans. Beyond their direct antimicrobial effects, AMPs play essential roles in various physiological processes. They induce angiogenesis, promote wound healing, modulate immune responses, and serve as chemoattractants for immune cells. AMPs regulate the microbiome and combat microbial infections on the skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. Produced in response to microbial signals, AMPs help maintain a balanced microbial community and provide a first line of defense against infection. In preterm infants, alterations in microbiome composition have been linked to various health outcomes, including sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, atopic dermatitis, and respiratory infections. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance in the microbiome, can alter AMP profiles and potentially lead to inflammation-mediated diseases such as chronic lung disease and obesity. In the following review, we summarize what is known about the vital role of AMPs as multifunctional peptides in protecting newborn infants against infections and modulating the microbiome and immune response. Understanding their roles in preterm infants and high-risk populations offers the potential for innovative approaches to disease prevention and treatment.
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页数:21
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