Metal Halide Perovskites Blue Emitters and Light-Emitting Diodes: A Review on Morphological and Molecular Dimensions

Metal halide perovskites have recently garnered significant attention as a fundamental emitter due to their high carrier mobility, strong light absorption, high monochromaticity, and tunable emission bandgap. However, the brightness, efficiency, and stability issues have limited their potential applications in blue region. To break through these limitations, researchers have investigated different dimensions of perovskites to seek an excellent emitter. To date, the quantum confinement and coordination octahedron monomer arrangement perovskites still lack of systematic cognition. In this review, the molecular and morphological dimensions of blue perovskite emitters are summarized. The differences and relationships between these dimensions in terms of their fabrication and properties are also explored. Furthermore, recent advances in blue light enhancement strategies to address the challenges in various morphological and molecular structures are highlighted. Finally, the main challenges and future directions are discussed for the development of perovskite blue LEDs. This work delves into the performances of metal halide perovskite blue light emitters and electroluminescent devices, focusing on the intersection of morphology and molecules. It elucidates the various structural monomer connections, terminations, and conversions that form 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D emitters, encompassing molecular structures and morphologies such as thin films, nanosheets, nanowires (or nanorods), and quantum dots. image