Advanced Electrochromic Energy Storage Devices Based on Conductive Polymers

As the demand for multifunctional optoelectronic devices rises, the integration of electrochromic and energy storage functionalities represents a cutting-edge pursuit in the electrochromic devices domain. The realm of conductive polymer-based electrochromic energy storage devices (EESDs) stands as a vibrant area marked by ongoing research and development. Despite a plethora of individual research articles exploring various facets within this domain, there exists a conspicuous dearth of comprehensive reviews systematically scrutinizing the advancements, challenges, and potentials intrinsic to these systems. To fill this void, this review systematically outlines the latest progressions in EESDs centered on conductive conjugated polymers (CPs). The review commences with a thorough exploration of the foundational principles underpinning EESDs, encompassing their operational mechanisms, device configurations, and representative key performance indicators. Furthermore, the review categorizes diverse conductive polymers, shedding light on the latest advancements in EESD research utilizing these specific CP variants. This in-depth analysis centers on their collaborative role in shaping electrochromic energy storage devices. Overall, this review is poised to captivate the interest of researchers toward state-of-the-art CP-based EESDs, establishing these pioneering technologies as pivotal contenders in defining the forthcoming landscape of wearable electronics, portable devices, and advanced energy storage systems. This review explores recent advances in electrochromic devices using conductive polymeric materials, with a focus on PANI, PEDOT:PSS, and PPy. These materials offer cost-effective, stability, versatile coloration, and rapid responsiveness. Electrochromic energy storage devices, integrating electrochromic and electrochemical characteristics, hold promise for diverse applications. However, challenges like instability and low conversion efficiency require attention for broader practical implementation. image