CO2 capture and hydrogen generation from a solar-assisted and integrated fluid catalytic cracking process: Energy, exergy, and economic analysis

The fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process transforms heavy wastes into lighter, more valuable (naphtha, light olefins and gases) products. However, the unit's byproducts contain a large quantity of CO2, which contributes to global warming. As a result, the purpose of this research was to increase the production of valuable products such as light olefins, naphtha, and hydrogen while reducing environmental impacts using the water gas shift reaction, with sensitivity analysis for three parameters (riser height, FCC feed temperature, and inlet naphtha mass flow). As a result of increasing the riser height, the output of light olefins (45%) and gases (32%) increased. Furthermore, the amount of hydrogen produced increases with a decrease in riser height (about 6%) and an increase in inlet naphtha mass flow (about 8%). Energy and exergy assessments were also carried out. It was determined that FCC had the lowest exergy destruction with a contribution of 23 MW when compared to its energy usage of 172 MW. The cooler, on the other hand, was one of the process's most energy -consuming (25%) and damaging (26%). As a result, this technique can lessen environmental effects by absorbing 125 tons of CO2 every hour and producing 3484 kg/h of hydrogen. Economic evaluations were also undertaken, and the results revealed that the cooler has the lowest exergoeconomic factor (1%) while the FCC unit contributes the most (95%). The fractionator column is also the most expensive device in the whole process.