A review of fault management issues in aircraft systems: Current status and future directions

The academic community has extensively studied fault management in dynamical and cyber-physical systems, leading to the development of various model-based and data-driven/learning-enabled methods. Although these advanced designs show promise for improving conventional practices in aircraft systems, there is a noticeable disparity between academic methodologies and the specific needs of the aviation industry. The paper begins with an examination of the current practices within the aviation industry alongside the academic state of the art. It highlights commonly overlooked issues that hinder the transition from laboratory development to practical flight applications. Looking ahead, the paper anticipates evolving needs driven by the transition towards greater autonomy and intelligence within connected and distributed cyber-physical flight environments. This includes the emerging trend towards the introduction of Single Pilot Operations (SPO). The paper presents an outline of a combined model-based/data-driven vision, under human oversight, to navigate this complex transition.