Graphene oxide based Gd 2 O 3:Eu 3+nanocomposites: A multifaceted approach to advanced energy storage and bio sensing applications

This investigation delves into the synthesis and characterization of graphene oxide (GO) based gadolinium oxide europium-doped nanocomposites (GO-Gd 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ (1 mol %) NCs), emphasizing their utility in super capacitors and biosensors. Utilizing a hydrothermal process with graphene oxide, the study enhances Gd 2 O 3 energy storage capabilities, complemented by europium ' s luminescent features for real-time monitoring. Structural, morphological, and chemical analyses by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electrochemical (CH) Analyzer, reveal promising electrochemical performance, reaching specific capacitance values of 512.14 Fg - 1 in 1 M H 2 SO 4 electrolyte. The electrodes exhibit commendable rate capability, cycling stability, and a Coulombic efficiency of 94.54 % after 5000 galvanostatic charge - discharge (GCD) cycles. Impedance spectroscopy confirms low charge transfer resistance, contributing to enhanced electrochemical performance. Moreover, the integration of europium imparts luminescent properties, positioning these super capacitors for integrated sensing applications. The luminescence allows real-time monitoring, showcasing the versatility of GOGd 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ based NCs for future technologies, particularly in smart sensors, wearables, and integrated electronics.