Subjective Well-Being Population Norms and Inequalities in Hungary: A Large Cross-Sectional, Internet-Based Survey

被引:2
作者
Nguyen, Thao T. P. [1 ]
Rencz, Fanni [2 ]
Brodszky, Valentin [2 ]
机构
[1] Hue Univ, Hue Univ Med & Pharm, Inst Community Hlth Res, Hue City, Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam
[2] Corvinus Univ Budapest, Dept Hlth Policy, Fovam Ter 8, H-1093 Budapest, Hungary
关键词
health inequality; Satisfaction With Life Scale; World Health Organization-Five Well- Being Index; population norms; concentration index; Hungary; SOCIOECONOMIC INEQUALITIES; HEALTH INEQUALITIES; LIFE; SATISFACTION; INCOME; DETERMINANTS; INDIVIDUALS; HAPPINESS; AGE;
D O I
10.1016/j.jval.2024.04.005
中图分类号
F [经济];
学科分类号
02 ;
摘要
Objectives: This study aimed to provide subjective well-being (SWB) population norms in Hungary and explore the contribution of explanatory factors of SWB inequality among the Hungarian adult general population. Methods: The data originated from a large representative internet-based cross-sectional survey in Hungary, which was conducted in 2020. We applied validated multi-item instruments for measuring SWB, namely Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) and World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO -5). Multiple linear regressions were used to examine the relationship between demographic-socioeconomic-health status and both well-being instruments. The concentration index (CI) was used to measure the degree of income-related inequality in wellbeing. Results: A total of 2001 respondents were enrolled with the means +/- SD WHO -5 scores and SWLS scores of 0.51 +/- 0.21 and 0.51 +/- 0.23, respectively. Higher household income, higher educational level, better general health status, and absence of chronic morbidity were significant positive predictors for both WHO -5 and SWLS scores. The CI of WHO -5 scores was lower than that of SWLS scores in the total sample (0.0480 vs 0.0861) and in subgroups by gender (male, 0.0584 vs 0.1035; female, 0.0302 vs 0.0726). The positive CI values implied a slight pro-rich SWB inequality in this population. The regression analyses showed a positive association of SWB with having a higher household income and a better general health status. Conclusions: This is the first representative study in Hungary to compare population norm of 2 well-being instruments and analyze well-being inequality. Slight pro-rich inequality was found consistently with both SWB measures. Our findings support the need for health and social policies that effectively tackle inequalities in Hungary.
引用
收藏
页码:837 / 847
页数:11
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