Enhanced perturb and observe control for addressing power loss under rapid load changes using a buck-boost converter

Many researchers have focused on improving the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems by enhancing their control mechanisms to more consistently operate in the PV panels' maximum power points. The predominant method used in these studies is the Perturb and Observe (P&O) method. However, this method faces challenges of drift when encountering rapid changes in resistive load, which completely inhibits them from addressing the problem of power loss. Additionally, the traditional P&O method suffers from oscillation issues. Here, an innovative control method is presented to improve the duty cycle and enable the handling of the challenges associated with sudden and rapid changes in resistive loads. A buck-boost power converter is implemented as an impedance adaptor to maintain operation at the maximum power point. The efficiency of the proposed modified P&O algorithm was evaluated using MATLAB software and compared to the traditional P&O algorithm across various operating scenarios. The simulation results show that the proposed method is significantly more efficient and effective than the traditional P&O algorithm, indicating its potential to enhance the efficiency of PV systems and increase their ability to adapt to changes in resistive load.