Rift Valley Fever Phlebovirus Reassortment Study in Sheep

被引:1
作者
Balaraman, Velmurugan [1 ]
Indran, Sabarish V. [1 ,3 ]
Kim, In Joong [1 ,4 ]
Trujillo, Jessie D. [1 ]
Meekins, David A. [1 ]
Shivanna, Vinay [1 ,5 ]
Zajac, Michelle D. [1 ,2 ]
Urbaniak, Kinga [1 ,6 ]
Morozov, Igor [1 ]
Sunwoo, Sun-Young [1 ,7 ]
Faburay, Bonto [1 ,2 ]
Osterrieder, Klaus [1 ,8 ]
Gaudreault, Natasha N. [1 ]
Wilson, William C. [2 ]
Richt, Juergen A. [1 ]
机构
[1] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ctr Excellence Emerging & Zoonot Anim Dis Diagnost, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
[2] USDA ARS, Foreign Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, Natl Bio & Agrodef Facil, Manhattan, KS 66505 USA
[3] Sanofi, Swiftwater, PA 18370 USA
[4] Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA
[5] Texas Biomed Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA
[6] Natl Vet Res Inst, PL-24100 Pulawy, Poland
[7] Konkuk Univ, Coll Vet Med, 120 Neungdong Ro, Seoul 05029, South Korea
[8] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Virol, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
来源
VIRUSES-BASEL | 2024年 / 16卷 / 06期
关键词
Rift Valley fever phlebovirus; bunyavirus; sheep; reassortment; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; CHALLENGE MODEL; TRANSMISSION; VACCINE;
D O I
10.3390/v16060880
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Rift Valley fever (RVF) in ungulates and humans is caused by a mosquito-borne RVF phlebovirus (RVFV). Live attenuated vaccines are used in livestock (sheep and cattle) to control RVF in endemic regions during outbreaks. The ability of two or more different RVFV strains to reassort when co-infecting a host cell is a significant veterinary and public health concern due to the potential emergence of newly reassorted viruses, since reassortment of RVFVs has been documented in nature and in experimental infection studies. Due to the very limited information regarding the frequency and dynamics of RVFV reassortment, we evaluated the efficiency of RVFV reassortment in sheep, a natural host for this zoonotic pathogen. Co-infection experiments were performed, first in vitro in sheep-derived cells, and subsequently in vivo in sheep. Two RVFV co-infection groups were evaluated: group I consisted of co-infection with two wild-type (WT) RVFV strains, Kenya 128B-15 (Ken06) and Saudi Arabia SA01-1322 (SA01), while group II consisted of co-infection with the live attenuated virus (LAV) vaccine strain MP-12 and a WT strain, Ken06. In the in vitro experiments, the virus supernatants were collected 24 h post-infection. In the in vivo experiments, clinical signs were monitored, and blood and tissues were collected at various time points up to nine days post-challenge for analyses. Cell culture supernatants and samples from sheep were processed, and plaque-isolated viruses were genotyped to determine reassortment frequency. Our results show that RVFV reassortment is more efficient in co-infected sheep-derived cells compared to co-infected sheep. In vitro, the reassortment frequencies reached 37.9% for the group I co-infected cells and 25.4% for the group II co-infected cells. In contrast, we detected just 1.7% reassortant viruses from group I sheep co-infected with the two WT strains, while no reassortants were detected from group II sheep co-infected with the WT and LAV strains. The results indicate that RVFV reassortment occurs at a lower frequency in vivo in sheep when compared to in vitro conditions in sheep-derived cells. Further studies are needed to better understand the implications of RVFV reassortment in relation to virulence and transmission dynamics in the host and the vector. The knowledge learned from these studies on reassortment is important for understanding the dynamics of RVFV evolution.
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页数:13
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