Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) germplasm genome-wide association analysis for the oil yield traits utilizing microsatellite markers

The genome-wide association study used 115 oil palm genotypes and assessed seven oil properties using fifty-four SSR markers. The diversity analysis study classified these genotypes into two major groupings. The mixed linear model (MLM) method revealed a significant correlation between mEgCIR0037 and mEgCIR0782 and the kernel-to-fruit (KF) ratio (p<0.01). The shell-to-fruit ratio trait was associated with mEgCIR0425, whereas the oil-to-dry mesocarp (ODM) trait was linked to mEgCIR0782. QTLs discovered during validation can be utilized to revalidate in different populations. Among these genotypes, 21 tenera (>24 %) and 30 dura (>20 %) had a high oil-to-bunch ratio. The genotypes IC0610002-79, IC0610005-103, IC0610011-181, ICO610013-224, and IC0610018-23 had oil-to-bunch ratios greater than 30 %. The genotypes that have been found are appropriate for use in breeding programs to generate parental material for the creation of hybrids.