Enterprise Transformation and Cybersecurity: A Literature Review on Cyberattacks

Complex systems are becoming more expensive and difficult to maintain with traditional engineering methods, tools, and processes (MTPs). To complicate matters further, complex systems are expected to continue increasing in complexity since more capabilities, components, and interfaces are being integrated. Therefore, organizations seeking to design, develop, and maintain such systems should be able to evolve in their MTPs. Enterprises could benefit from implementing technology across the life cycle of a system to better understand, enhance, and optimize their processes. The implementation of technology in an organization can be observed in a systematic perspective where management, organizations, processes, and people interact to influence its behavior. As more organizations explore the benefits of technology to assist in their digital transformation efforts, they also face new challenges. For example, a sustainable infrastructure, workforce skillset, and development of MTPs including cyber security. This article elaborates on the latter; it takes an enterprise-level perspective to explore the methods, tools, and solutions in which an enterprise is susceptible to cyberthreats. The work elaborates on social and technical cybersecurity strategies and explores potential mitigation methods. The outcomes of this study could support enterprises seeking to conduct a digital transformation by mapping the most common cyber threats they can face.