Driving mechanisms of community biomass allocation along environmental gradients in different grasslands in China

A variable future climate would lead to changes in the biomass allocation pattern of plant communities, but its divergent changes under different environments have not been clearly explored, greatly limiting a better understanding of the responsess of grassland ecosystems to environmental changes. Herein, we conducted field samplings at 215 grassland sites in the Qinghai-Tibetan and Inner Mongolian Plateaus to analyze community biomass allocation patterns (specifically, the ratio of root to shoot, R/S) in various grasslands along environmental gradients. We found a gradual increase in R/S from humid to semi-arid and arid environments across both plateaus. In humid environment, soil factor had a significant effect on the R/S of alpine humid grassland, while climate factor had a significant effect on the R/S of humid grassland. In semi-arid environment, both climate and plant factors had significant effects on R/S in semi-arid grassland. In arid environments, climate and plant factors had significant effects on R/S in arid grassland. These findings emphasize the multifaceted role of environmental factors in shaping biomass allocations across diverse ecosystems, enriching our understanding of ecological dynamics. The current results are timely in advancing the fundamental understanding of the mechanisms of biomass allocation in grasslands and are useful for global research on grasslands in different environments.