Optimization of Deficit Irrigation Water Usage for Maximisation of Jute Fibre Yield Using the Soil-water-crop Model in a Sub-tropical Climate

Jute, known as the 'Golden Fibre,' has been an intrinsic part of the Indian economy for centuries. India is the leading producer and exporter of jute, contributing to almost 70% of global production. However, the productivity of jute crops in India is often hampered by dry spells and erratic rainfall patterns. This article aims to explore the crucial role of dry spells on jute productivity and discuss ways to mitigate their negative impact through optimization of deficit irrigation water usages. An open-field experiment was carried out on jute cultivation under varying soil depletion of available moisture (DASM) and estimated crop water requirement (ETc) levels. The results of the study revealed that application of irrigation at '50% DASM with 75% ETc' or '75% DASM with 100% ETc' is beneficial to the crop during the pre-monsoon season for olitorius jute in alluvial soils of sub-tropical climate. The available soil-water regime at 100 to 50% soil water depletion produced the best fibre yield and water productivity. A yield increase of 23-44% was achieved with irrigation scheduling in comparison to the rainfed condition. Soil moisture, biomass, and canopy cover were all accurately simulated by the AquaCrop model. The study recommends deficit irrigation water usage as a method to reduce yield gaps and mitigate dry spells.