Chemical insights into the interfacial phenomena of low-dimensional heterointerfaces

Low-dimensional (LD) organic-inorganic hybrids have recently emerged as exciting electrocatalytic nanomaterials in which the 0D-1D, 1D-2D, or 2D-2D electrochemical interfaces can be finely tuned to generate unprecedented features that are not perceived in their individual counterparts. LD interfaces have shown incredible advantages in regulating electron transfer, charge polarization, bonding energy, and the adsorption energy of intermediates of crucial electrocatalytic reactions. In this perspective, we provide our own understanding of the chemical aspects that govern the interfacial effects at LD hybrids based on our experimental and theoretical points of view. The discussion also covers the in-depth relationship between the dynamic interfaces and the electrocatalytic activity of LD heterostructures, as well as the more recent achievements to disentangle the catalytic mechanisms using advanced in situ spectroscopy techniques.