A calibration method of line-structured light system for measuring outer circle dimension during machining

The line-structured light system is widely utilized for various 3D profile measurements due to its convenience and high efficiency. However, the existing calibration methods primarily focus on establishing the relationship between object points and image points, which imposes stringent requirements on the calibration target. To address this issue, a practical calibration method based on interpolation function is proposed in order to measure a specific 3D profile - namely, the diameter of a rotating workpiece during machining. Firstly, the light stripe projected onto an ordinary machined workpiece by a light plane is captured using a Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) camera and subsequently fitted to a quadratic elliptic curve after undergoing image processing. Subsequently, the cubic spline interpolation function is selected to directly establish a mapping relationship between geometric characteristics of the elliptic curve and the diameter measurement. Several experiments are conducted to evaluate the proposed methods. The experimental results demonstrate that compared with two comparison methods, our approach reduces the calibration error of linear structured light systems by 69 % and 51 %, respectively; furthermore, it enables restoration of smooth and detailed 3D models through parallel movement of the system. Moreover, our entire calibration process proves practicable in simplifying experimental procedures while remaining suitable for industrial inspection applications.