Manipulating the Crystallization of Perovskite via Metal-Free DABCO-NH4Cl3 Addition for High Efficiency Solar Cells

The performance of perovskite cells closely relies on the quality of films, leading to a special focus on crystallization manipulation and defect control. In this study, a novel approach using 1D metal-free perovskites, specifically DABCO-NH4Cl3, is proposed to facilitate the crystallization process of 3D FAPbI(3) perovskites, while simultaneously addressing surface defects. Analysis of crystallization kinetics reveals that the introduction of 1D metal-free perovskites provides numerous nucleation sites, effectively slowing down crystal growth rates and resulting in the formation of uniform, large-grain perovskite films. Furthermore, the organic groups present in 1D perovskites play a crucial role in passivating defects within the perovskite structure. The synergistic impact of these factors enables the perovskite to achieve an efficiency of 24.72% while demonstrating exceptional stability. This research offers a promising approach for controlling perovskite crystallization, leading to the development of high-efficiency and stable perovskite materials.