The effects of doxycycline and mannitol in inhibiting MMP-9 in traumatic brain injury in experimental Wistar rats

BACKGROUND: The loss of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) regulation in brain trauma contributes to the pathophysiology of blood -brain barrier degradation. This study aimed at comparing MMP-9 inhibition properties of doxycycline and mannitol in brain trauma. METHODS: Model rats were used in a laboratory setting with a post-test control group design. The study was conducted at the Animal Laboratory of Hasanuddin University for two weeks. The model rats were categorized into four groups: the CONTROL group, the traumatic brain injury group (TRAUMA), the traumatic brain injury group given mannitol (TRAUMA+M), and the traumatic brain injury group given doxycycline (TRAUMA+D). The minimum number of samples required for each group was nine. RESULTS: The mean MMP-9 values of the CONTROL, TRAUMA, TRAUMA+M, and TRAUMA+D groups were 0.5193 ng/mL, 0.6101 ng/ mL, 0.5522 ng/mL, and 0.5433 ng/mL, respectively. The mean MMP-9 value of the TRAUMA+M group was significantly lower than that of the TRAUMA group (P=0.017). The mean MMP-9 value of the TRAUMA+D group was also significantly lower than that of the TRAUMA group (P=0.006). CONCLUSIONS: Mannitol and doxycycline statistically significantly inhibited the increase of MMP-9 in this brain -injured Wistar rat model.