Enhanced energy storage performance of Na0.94Sm0.02NbO3 ferroelectric ceramics by Bi0.5La0.5Ba2/3Ta1/3O3 doping

The application of lead-free energy storage ceramics within the domain of energy storage has received a lot of attention. Recently, many experiments have been carried out for the performance in NaNbO3-based (NN) lead-free ferroelectric ceramics. The study obtained a NaNbO3-based (NN) lead-free ferroelectric ceramics with high energy storage density and excellent stability, which overcomes the problems of NaNbO3-based (NN) ceramics' unsatisfactory energy storage performance and poor frequency adaptability in the prior technology. The new lead-free ferroelectric ceramics, (1-x) Na0.94Sm0.02NbO3-xBi0.5La0.5Ba2/3[x=0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20, 0.25] which were developed and prepared via the solid phase reaction method. It can be observed that all samples showed uniform grains and low porosity through SEM analysis. To explore the relationship between its energy storage performance and temperature arranging from 20 degrees C to 100 degrees C as well as frequency at 10 Hz -200 Hz, the ferroelectric hysteresis loops of all samples were tested. The saturated polarization(Ps) increases with the enhancement of applied electric field at room temperature, reaching a maximum of 25.15 uC/cm(2) at 340 kV/cm. By calculations, we finally obtained ceramics with a recoverable energy storage density (W,ec) of 2.485 J/cm(3) and an efficiency (II) of 70.2%. At 25 degrees C test temperature, measured at 5 Hz to 100 Hz test frequency, the W c fluctuation is less than 5%. In addition, Under the condition of 10 Hz, the Wsec fluctuation in the range of 20 degrees C-100 C is less than 8%. The excellent stability of frequency (5 Hz -100 Hz) and temperature (20 degrees C-100 degrees C) indicate that the ceramics have practical potential for energy storage applications.