High-Temperature Superconducting Magnetic Levitation With the Halbach Array and V-Shaped Combined Permanent Magnet Guideway

The permanent magnet guideways (PMGs), serving as the sole magnetic field source for the high-temperature superconducting (HTS) pinning maglev system, exert a profound influence on the levitation performance of HTS bulks through its magnetic field distribution. To improve the levitation performance of HTS maglev systems, experiments to measure levitation and guidance forces were conducted using the 165-m test line PMG completed by Southwest Jiaotong University in 2021. Additionally, finite-element simulation models were developed. Subsequently, utilizing this simulation model as a foundation, a V-shaped Halbach array PMG was designed by combining a Halbach array with a "V" structure. Subsequently, the V-shaped PMG underwent simulation optimization with the goal of maximizing the levitation force. The optimized V-shaped PMG, when compared with the test line PMG with the same cross-sectional area, exhibits significant improvements. Under the zero-field cooling (FC) condition with a 15 mm lateral displacement, the levitation force experienced a 39.1% increase at the working height, while the guidance force showed a substantial 274.9% improvement. Similarly, under the FC condition with a 15-mm lateral displacement, there was a 43.6% increase in levitation force and a 186.1% increase in guidance force. These data unequivocally demonstrate the considerable application potential of the V-shaped PMG when compared with the test line PMG.