Initial Evaluation of a Hybrid Eye Tracking and Electromyography Training Game for Hands-Free Wheelchair Use

Eye tracking has extensive applications for accessibility as it can be used in the control of wheelchairs, computer interfaces, gameplay, and more. For ALS patients and individuals with limited motor control, eye tracking may provide an avenue for both mobility and communication with others. While other accessibility technologies exist for ALS patients, interactions may be enhanced through the integration of eye tracking. New electromyography interfaces may have a high learning curve associated with adaptation to their technology. Usage of serious games as a form of training may reduce the time needed to acclimate while improving user engagement. This research seeks to validate the usability of eye tracking controls in Limbitless Journey, a serious video game designed to teach the user how to use a hands-free electromyographic-controlled wheelchair. Results of testing with non-ALS participants validated the eye tracking control interface, finding a non-significant difference in UI usability in comparison to self-controlled mouse and keyboard, as well as researcher-assisted mouse and keyboard. These findings signified that all cohorts experienced similar usability in the game. Eye tracking can then be thought to offer an opportunity to maintain independent gameplay for individuals with limited mobility.