Clinical Profiles, Laboratory Biomarkers, and Mortality in Cancer Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: A Prospective Cohort Study

被引:0
作者
Radwan, Samah [1 ]
Mourad, Dalia F. [1 ]
Hamdy, Rana [2 ]
Kamel, Mahmoud M. [1 ]
Abdel-Moneim, Ahmed S. [3 ]
Elkhashab, Dina M. [1 ]
Kadry, Dalia Y. [1 ]
机构
[1] Cairo Univ, NCI, Clin Pathol Dept, Cairo 12613, Egypt
[2] Cairo Univ, NCI, Pediat Oncol Dept, Cairo 12613, Egypt
[3] Taif Univ, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol, Al Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
来源
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA | 2024年 / 60卷 / 06期
关键词
lower respiratory tract infection; cancer; biomarkers; hematology; viral infections; bacterial infections; viruses; bacteria; KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE BACTEREMIA; LONG-TERM SURVIVAL; PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCY; OUTCOMES; COMPLICATIONS; CHEMOTHERAPY; MECHANISMS; RISK;
D O I
10.3390/medicina60060901
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) pose a substantial health burden worldwide, especially among immunocompromised groups like cancer patients. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to explore lower respiratory tract infections in cancer patients. We followed 107 cases with clinically or radiologically suspected lower respiratory tract infections until discharge or death, comprising 65 males and 42 females across diverse age groups. Clinical evaluations, including patient history, examination, and malignancy diagnosis, were conducted. Nasopharyngeal swabs (NPSs), sputum samples, and blood samples were collected within 24 h of symptom onset. Multiplex Real-Time PCR allowed for the simultaneous detection of viral, bacterial, and fungal infections, while conventional microbiological culture methods were used for bacterial and fungal analysis. SARS-CoV-2 infection was excluded in all of the enrolled patients using real-time RT-PCR. Hematological and biochemical analyses included hemoglobin, lymphocyte, neutrophil, and platelet counts, along with ALT, AST, creatinine, and CRP levels. Significant differences were noted in clinical presentations, management outcomes, and prognostic markers among patients with different hematological malignancies. Distinct clinical profiles were identified for leukemia, lymphoma, and solid tumors, with variations in age distribution and symptom prevalence. ICU admission rates varied significantly, with solid tumor patients exhibiting higher rates. The hematological and biochemical biomarkers differed across malignancies, with notable associations between lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and mortality following respiratory episodes. This study highlights the critical role of rapid pathogen detection and infection control measures in safeguarding vulnerable cancer patients from nosocomial transmission.
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页数:13
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