Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Polymeric Composites: Advancements in Biomedical Applications

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO NPs) and their polymeric composites have attracted considerable interest in the biomedical area because of their distinctive physicochemical qualities, such as strong antioxidant activity, resistance to UV radiation, and extraordinary mechanical strength. This study explores the wide range of biomedical uses of CeO NPs and their composites, specifically emphasizing their contributions to bone tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, wound healing, antibacterial treatments, and anticancer therapy. The modification of these nanoparticles improves their ability to interact with living organisms and increases their effectiveness in treating diseases, allowing for specific and regulated release of medications. In order to effectively use their capabilities, it is crucial to promptly solve difficulties like as toxicity, long-term biocompatibility, and regulatory compliance, notwithstanding the considerable promise they possess. Conducting more study is essential for overcoming these challenges and improving the processes of synthesis and functionalization in order to better therapeutic results. This study emphasizes the significant impact that CeO NPs and their polymeric composites may have on developing nanomedicine and transforming patient care. It highlights the urgent need for ongoing innovation and multidisciplinary cooperation in this promising sector. Cerium oxide nanoparticles imitate enzymes owing to their inclusion of Ce4+, Ce3+ ions, and oxygen-free spaces in their matrix.Polymers possess carbonyl and hydroxyl functional regions that may form complexes with the lattice structure of cerium oxide nanoparticles.Polymer coatings enhance the biocompatibility of nanoparticles by decreasing their dimensions and offering durability and stealthiness.Biomedical applications have used cerium oxide nanoparticles coated with polymers.