Influence of Laser Treatment of Ti6Al4V on the Behavior of Biological Cells

This article explores the enhancement of material surface properties of Ti6Al4V, potentially applicable to dental implants, through ultra-short pulse laser systems. This study investigates potential connections between surface wettability and biocompatibility, addressing the challenge of improving variability in material properties with specific laser treatment. Several designed microstructures were manufactured using a picosecond laser system. After that, the wettability of these structures was measured using the sessile drop method. The basic behavior and growth activity of biological cells (MG-63 cell line) on treated surfaces were also analyzed. While the conducted tests did not conclusively establish correlations between wettability and biocompatibility, the results indicated that laser treatment of Ti6Al4V could effectively enlarge the active surface to better biological cell colonization and adhesion and provide a focused moving orientation. This outcome suggests the potential application of laser treatment in producing special dental implants to mitigate the issues during and following implantation.