Oxygen vacancy and heterojunction co-boosted peroxidase-like activity of KV6O15/V2O5 nanoribbons for the colorimetric detection of glutathione

Due to the high costs and relative instability of natural enzymes, there is a growing interest in the strategic design of highly efficient nanozymes. In this study, a novel hybrid nanozyme consisting of KV6O15/V2O5 nanoribbons was explored using an MXene-derived potassiation-oxidation method. The KV6O15/V2O5 NRs exhibited ultrahigh peroxidase-like activity in the oxidation of 3,3 ',5,5 '-tetramethylbenzidine, attributed to the coexistence of oxygen vacancies and heterojunctions that facilitated the generation of & sdot;OH radicals from H2O2 and optimized electron transfer efficiency. A colorimetric assay based on KV6O15/V2O5 nanoribbons was developed for the rapid and sensitive detection of glutathione. The assay demonstrated a linear detection range of 0.1 to 35 mu M and a low detection limit of 38.8 nM. Importantly, when applied to the analysis of glutathione in human serum samples, the sensor produced satisfactory results with recoveries ranging from 90.17 % to 108.87 % and low relative standard deviations between 0.31 % and 0.64 %. To validate practicality, we constructed a visual paper sensor, affirming the utility of this assay for the sensing of glutathione.