Experimental investigation on structural, dielectric and magnetic properties for Ni0.5Cu0.2Cd0.3LaxFe2-xO4 dense ceramics materials with theoretical fitting judgements
Ni0.5Cu0.2Cd0.3LaxFe2-xO4 bulk ceramics with step size 0.015 were prepared following the sol-gel synthesis process and sintered for 5 h at 1200 degrees C. The structural, dielectric, magnetic, and electrical transport properties have been analyzed at room temperature. The structural analysis was performed through X-ray Diffraction method and then Rietveld refinement to analyze the crystal phase formation of the ceramics compound. As the frequency increases the dielectric constant and loss tangent decreases by following the dependence on the frequency nature of ceramics. The center of the modulus semicircles is found under the real axis and thus indicates the prepared ceramics as non-Debye type relaxation. In addition to dielectric analysis, impedance spectroscopy measurements were performed to study the impedance nature, and the measured data was also fitted to the famous Cole-Cole spectrum. The contribution of grain and grain boundary on the resistance and capacitance for La substitution has been calculated from the theoretical fitted data. Enhancement of saturation magnetization, initial permeability and conductivity was observed due to the replacement of Fe by La.
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Phys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Almessiere, M. A.
Slimani, Y.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Slimani, Y.
Gungunes, H.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Hitit Univ, Dept Phys, Cevre Yolu Bulvari, TR-19030 Corum, TurkeyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Gungunes, H.
Kostishyn, V. G.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISiS, Moscow, RussiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Kostishyn, V. G.
Trukhanov, S., V
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NAS Belarus, SSPA Sci & Pract Mat Res Ctr, Minsk, BELARUS
South Ural State Univ, Chelyabinsk, RussiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Trukhanov, S., V
Trukhanov, A., V
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISiS, Moscow, Russia
NAS Belarus, SSPA Sci & Pract Mat Res Ctr, Minsk, BELARUS
South Ural State Univ, Chelyabinsk, RussiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Trukhanov, A., V
Baykal, A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Nanomed, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Phys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Almessiere, M. A.
Slimani, Y.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Slimani, Y.
Korkmaz, A. Demir
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Istanbul Medeniyet Univ, Dept Chem, TR-34700 Istanbul, TurkeyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Korkmaz, A. Demir
Baykal, A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Nanomed, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Baykal, A.
Gungunes, H.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Hitit Univ, Dept Phys, Cevre Yolu Bulvari, TR-19030 Corum, TurkeyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Gungunes, H.
Sozeri, H.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Natl Metrol Inst, TUBITAK UME, POB 54, TR-41470 Gebze, TurkeyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Sozeri, H.
Shirsath, Sagar E.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ New South Wales, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, AustraliaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Shirsath, Sagar E.
Guener, S.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Inorgan Chem, D-52074 Aachen, GermanyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Guener, S.
Akhtar, S.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Akhtar, S.
Manikandan, A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Bharath Univ, Bharath Inst Higher Educ & Res, Dept Chem, Chennai 600073, Tamil Nadu, IndiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Phys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Almessiere, Munirah A.
Slimani, Yassine
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Slimani, Yassine
Algarou, Norah A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Phys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Algarou, Norah A.
Vakhitov, Maksim G.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
South Ural State Univ, Chelyabinsk 454080, RussiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Vakhitov, Maksim G.
Korkmaz, Ayse Demir
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Istanbul Medeniyet Univ, Dept Chem, TR-34700 Istanbul, TurkiyeImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Korkmaz, Ayse Demir
Baykal, Abdulhadi
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Nanomed Res, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Baykal, Abdulhadi
Klygach, Denis S.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
South Ural State Univ, Chelyabinsk 454080, RussiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Klygach, Denis S.
Zubar, Tatiana I.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
South Ural State Univ, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
NAS Belarus, SSPA Sci & Pract Mat Res Ctr, Minsk 220072, BELARUSImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Zubar, Tatiana I.
Ul-Hamid, Anwar
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Core Res Facil, Dhahran 13261, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Ul-Hamid, Anwar
V. Trukhanov, Sergei
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NAS Belarus, SSPA Sci & Pract Mat Res Ctr, Minsk 220072, BELARUS
Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISiS, Smart Sensors Lab, Moscow 119049, Leninsky Prospe, RussiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
V. Trukhanov, Sergei
V. Trukhanov, Alex
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NAS Belarus, SSPA Sci & Pract Mat Res Ctr, Minsk 220072, BELARUS
Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISiS, Smart Sensors Lab, Moscow 119049, Leninsky Prospe, Russia
Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISiS, Moscow 119049, Leninsky Prospe, RussiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
机构:
King Saud Univ, King Abdullah Inst Nanotechnol, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaKing Saud Univ, King Abdullah Inst Nanotechnol, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Batoo, Khalid Mujasam
Ansari, Mohammad Shahnawaze
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
King Abdulaziz Univ, Ctr Nanotechnol, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaKing Saud Univ, King Abdullah Inst Nanotechnol, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Phys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Almessiere, M. A.
Slimani, Y.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Slimani, Y.
Gungunes, H.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Hitit Univ, Dept Phys, Cevre Yolu Bulvari, TR-19030 Corum, TurkeyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Gungunes, H.
Kostishyn, V. G.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISiS, Moscow, RussiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Kostishyn, V. G.
Trukhanov, S., V
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NAS Belarus, SSPA Sci & Pract Mat Res Ctr, Minsk, BELARUS
South Ural State Univ, Chelyabinsk, RussiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Trukhanov, S., V
Trukhanov, A., V
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISiS, Moscow, Russia
NAS Belarus, SSPA Sci & Pract Mat Res Ctr, Minsk, BELARUS
South Ural State Univ, Chelyabinsk, RussiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Trukhanov, A., V
Baykal, A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Nanomed, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Phys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Almessiere, M. A.
Slimani, Y.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Slimani, Y.
Korkmaz, A. Demir
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Istanbul Medeniyet Univ, Dept Chem, TR-34700 Istanbul, TurkeyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Korkmaz, A. Demir
Baykal, A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Nanomed, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Baykal, A.
Gungunes, H.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Hitit Univ, Dept Phys, Cevre Yolu Bulvari, TR-19030 Corum, TurkeyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Gungunes, H.
Sozeri, H.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Natl Metrol Inst, TUBITAK UME, POB 54, TR-41470 Gebze, TurkeyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Sozeri, H.
Shirsath, Sagar E.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ New South Wales, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, AustraliaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Shirsath, Sagar E.
Guener, S.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Inorgan Chem, D-52074 Aachen, GermanyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Guener, S.
Akhtar, S.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Akhtar, S.
Manikandan, A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Bharath Univ, Bharath Inst Higher Educ & Res, Dept Chem, Chennai 600073, Tamil Nadu, IndiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Phys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Almessiere, Munirah A.
Slimani, Yassine
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Slimani, Yassine
Algarou, Norah A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Phys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Algarou, Norah A.
Vakhitov, Maksim G.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
South Ural State Univ, Chelyabinsk 454080, RussiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Vakhitov, Maksim G.
Korkmaz, Ayse Demir
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Istanbul Medeniyet Univ, Dept Chem, TR-34700 Istanbul, TurkiyeImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Korkmaz, Ayse Demir
Baykal, Abdulhadi
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Nanomed Res, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Baykal, Abdulhadi
Klygach, Denis S.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
South Ural State Univ, Chelyabinsk 454080, RussiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Klygach, Denis S.
Zubar, Tatiana I.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
South Ural State Univ, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
NAS Belarus, SSPA Sci & Pract Mat Res Ctr, Minsk 220072, BELARUSImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Zubar, Tatiana I.
Ul-Hamid, Anwar
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Core Res Facil, Dhahran 13261, Saudi ArabiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Ul-Hamid, Anwar
V. Trukhanov, Sergei
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NAS Belarus, SSPA Sci & Pract Mat Res Ctr, Minsk 220072, BELARUS
Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISiS, Smart Sensors Lab, Moscow 119049, Leninsky Prospe, RussiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
V. Trukhanov, Sergei
V. Trukhanov, Alex
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NAS Belarus, SSPA Sci & Pract Mat Res Ctr, Minsk 220072, BELARUS
Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISiS, Smart Sensors Lab, Moscow 119049, Leninsky Prospe, Russia
Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISiS, Moscow 119049, Leninsky Prospe, RussiaImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Inst Res & Med Consultat IRMC, Dept Biophys, POB 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
机构:
King Saud Univ, King Abdullah Inst Nanotechnol, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaKing Saud Univ, King Abdullah Inst Nanotechnol, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Batoo, Khalid Mujasam
Ansari, Mohammad Shahnawaze
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
King Abdulaziz Univ, Ctr Nanotechnol, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaKing Saud Univ, King Abdullah Inst Nanotechnol, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia