The use of ultrasound for noninvasive monitoring of anesthetic effects in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury

ObjectiveCompared with the use of ultrasound for noninvasive monitoring of the anesthetic sodium pentobarbital versus tribromoethanol in an animal model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.MethodsAdult rats were randomly assigned to a renal ischemia-reperfusion injury model, and preoperative anesthetics were administered as either sodium pentobarbital or tribromoethanol. Color Doppler ultrasound and spectral Doppler ultrasound were used to detect changes in respiratory rate and heart rate during and after the surgery, as well as measure renal hemodynamic parameters including peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, and resistance index.ResultsThe frequency of changes in respiration and heart rate was significantly higher in the sodium pentobarbital anesthesia group compared to the tribromoethanol anesthesia group. The peak systolic velocity and end-diastolic velocity values in the sodium pentobarbital anesthesia group were significantly lower than those in the tribromoethanol group. However, the resistance index in the sodium pentobarbital group was higher than that in the tribromoethanol group.ConclusionUltrasound can be used to dynamically monitor the effects of anesthesia during the experiment, including changes in respiratory rate and heart rate, as well as semi-quantitatively monitor hemodynamic changes in the kidneys, which indirectly reflects whole-body hemodynamic changes in rats. Indicators of post-anesthesia monitoring in rats: anesthesia induction period, duration of anesthesia; heart rate changes; hemodynamics. image