Fluid Cavitation Analysis in Pressurized Vessels Using High-Power Ultrasonic Transducers

This study introduces a novel ultrasonic device designed to prevent inorganic solid deposition. Scaling, a common issue in these systems, reduces efficiency in operations like pumping and heat exchange. The device employs high-power ultrasonic transducers, utilizing controlled cavitation to prevent or reduce scaling without damaging the material. Generating cavitation in pressurized environments is challenging, requiring negative pressures. Power piezoelectric ceramics (PTZ-8) were used to develop this non-invasive, environmentally friendly solution. Adaptations in transducer and ceramic geometries were explored, alongside finite element modeling and experimental verification with COMSOL software and benchtop tests. This approach significantly reduced surface scaling. The technique involves attaching high-power ultrasonic transducers to the outer wall of liquid-filled structures. Cavitation bubbles created by the transducer remove scale, aided by structure vibrations. Demonstrations on aluminum foil samples showed successful scaling removal, verified through numerical modeling and experimental tests. The device effectively removes scale at pressures up to 10 kgf/cm(2).