Optimisation of commercial bus body frame based on the improved grey wolf and Monte Carlo simulation algorithm

This work aims to study the method of design optimisation of the bus body frame orienting the frontal crashworthiness. The optimal design variables are preliminarily determined based on the frontal crashworthiness analysis. Based on the analysis of correlations between the concerned responses and design variables and the comprehensive contribution analysis, the design variables for optimisation are finally determined. The surrogate model is established by the Latin hypercube design of experiments and the response surface method. The grey wolf (GWO) algorithm is improved by introducing the method of generating initialisation by the Tent mapping and improving the convergence factor by the Sigmoid function. By the improved GWO algorithm, the deterministic optimisation and reliability optimisation are performed and evaluated. The results of finite element analysis reveal that the proposed optimisation scheme can be effectively improved the performance of frontal crashworthiness of the bus body frame with high reliability.