Seasonal and spatial characteristics of microbial community in intertidal wetlands: Aspect of microbial coupling

The simultaneous reductions of pollution and carbon are widely concerned in sewage treatment. Various microorganisms with synergies are existed in the intertidal wetlands, which have the potential to be the microbial inoculation used in sewage treatment. In this study, the microorganisms in the reed wetlands of the Yellow River Delta in four seasons and at four layers (0-5, 5-10, 10-15, and 15-20 cm) were investigated by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the majority of functional bacteria were denitrifying bacteria in the spring and summer. Spring was the primary season for hydrogen autotrophic denitrification, whereas summer was the primary season for sulfur autotrophic denitrification. A range of bacteria connected to one another by cable bacteria cooperated to finish the cycle of several elements in the 10-15 cm layer in autumn. A distinctive characteristic of functional bacteria was the anaerobic methane oxidation mediated by NC10 facultative bacteria in the 0-5 cm layer in winter. The results of this study provide an inspiration for utilizing suitable microbial inoculation to realize the simultaneous reductions of pollution and carbon in the future sewage treatment.